According to the World Health Organization, falls are the second leading cause of accidental or unintentional injury deaths worldwide. Among older populations, falls are particularly prevalent, with one in three individuals aged 65 and older experiencing a fall each year. Understanding these statistics emphasizes the importance of taking proactive measures to mitigate fall risks.

Your Muscle Weakness and Balance Issues:

• As we age, muscles may weaken, and balance may deteriorate, increasing the likelihood of stumbling or falling.

Medication Side Effects:

• Certain medications can cause dizziness, drowsiness, or other side effects that contribute to falls

Vision Impairment:

• Reduced vision or untreated eye conditions can hinder the ability to navigate one's surroundings safely.

Environmental Hazards:

• Slippery floors, uneven surfaces, poor lighting, and clutter can create hazardous conditions within the home.

Chronic Health Conditions:

• Conditions such as arthritis, osteoporosis, or neurological disorders can impact mobility and increase fall risk.

• Find a balance or exercise program:
  • Programs like Tai Chi help strengthen ligaments and muscles, while increasing coordination, flexibility and balance.

• Talk to your doctor if you have any fears about falling. Review your medication to see if there are any side effects that could cause dizziness.

• Wear appropriate footwear when outside. If you are participating in a sport such as biking, make sure to always wear a helmet.

• Get your vision and hearing checked annually.

• Perform a home safety check and eliminate tripping hazards in your home. Improve the lighting in your home by adding night lights throughout the house. Declutter from stairways and common space. Use slip-resistant mats in the bathroom and add grab rails near the toilets in the shower. Remove throw rugs or use double-sided tape to secure them to the ground. Put bells on your pets’ collars to alert you if they are underfoot.
  • Home Safety Checklist

• Let your family know if you are concerned about falling. If you have a surgery planned, ask for extra help.

While older adults are at most risk of falling, falls can happen at any age. According to the Arizona Falls Prevention Coalition, falls are one of the leading causes of injury for youths 0-19. For adults ages 20-54, alcohol is a leading risk factor for falls. It is important to keep all members of your family safe from a fall injury. 

Vision impairment significantly heightens the risk of falls, making it imperative to implement targeted strategies for fall prevention. The below provides practical guidance tailored to address the specific challenges associated with impaired vision. From environmental modifications to assistive devices and regular eye care, a comprehensive approach is essential to enhance safety and well-being for individuals with vision deficits.

Environmental:

• Optimize Lighting: Ensure well-lit environments, minimizing shadows and glare that can be disorienting. Use higher wattage bulbs, install task lighting in critical areas, and consider motion-activated lighting to enhance visibility.

• Remove Obstacles: Keep walkways clear of clutter, furniture, and other obstacles. This facilitates safe and unobstructed navigation, reducing the risk of tripping. 

Regular Eye Exams and Corrective Measures:

• Routine Eye Examinations: Maintain regular eye check-ups to monitor and address changes in vision. Timely adjustments to corrective lenses can significantly improve visual function and reduce fall risk.

• Corrective Measures: Ensure individuals with vision impairment have the appropriate corrective measures, such as glasses or contact lenses. Maintain these measures in good condition to optimize visual clarity.

 Assistive Devices and Strategies:

• Mobility Aids: Encourage the use of appropriate mobility aids, such as canes or walkers, to provide additional support and enhance stability.

• Sensory Aids: Utilize sensory aids, like auditory signals or tactile cues, to provide information about changes in the environment. This can include textured flooring near stairs or auditory signals at intersections.

Medications play a crucial role in managing various health conditions, but some can contribute to an increased risk of falls due to side effects such as drowsiness, dizziness, or impaired balance. Regularly reviewing your medication regimen is essential for maintaining overall health and preventing falls.

Assessing Medication Side Effects:

• Drowsiness: Review your medications for any that may cause drowsiness. Common culprits include certain pain medications, sedatives, and antihistamines.

• Dizziness: Identify medications known to induce dizziness, especially those prescribed for high blood pressure or heart conditions.

• Balance Impairment: Be aware of medications that can affect your balance, such as some antidepressants or antipsychotics. 

Consulting Your Healthcare Provider:

• Regular Medication Reviews: Schedule regular appointments with your healthcare provider to review your medication regimen. This allows for adjustments based on your health status and potential side effects.

• Communication is Key: Inform your healthcare provider of any changes in your health, including over-the-counter medications, supplements, or herbal remedies you may be taking.

• Avoid Self-Adjustment: Never make changes to your medication regimen without consulting your healthcare provider. Abruptly stopping or altering doses can have adverse effects.

Pharmacist Consultation:

• Utilize the Expertise of Pharmacists: Consult with your pharmacist about potential side effects and interactions between medications. Pharmacists can provide valuable insights and guidance.

Educate Yourself:

• Medication Information Sheets: Read and understand the information sheets provided with your medications. Familiarize yourself with potential side effects and precautions.

• Ask Questions: Don't hesitate to ask your healthcare provider or pharmacist about any concerns or uncertainties regarding your medications.

• Fall Prevention Exercises

Visit the Arizona Falls Prevention Coalition for more information. 

Please fill out the below Fall Risk Assessment and share it with your Primary Care Physician during your annual wellness check. 

• Fall Risk Assessment

The Health History Questionnaire is for Emergency Pre-Hospital Care Providers ONLY.

• Health History Questionnaire

• Fall Recovery for Caregivers